Pilgrimage and the flow of artifacts between Shia shrines and local communities: Transmitting and circulating saintly blessing

The imamzadeh of Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn, Shiraz.

The imamzadeh of Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn, Shiraz.

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The tomb of imamzadeh of Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn , Shiraz.

The tomb of imamzadeh of Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn , Shiraz.

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The ceremonial hall in the imamzadeh of Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn, decorated with tile paintings.

The ceremonial hall in the imamzadeh of Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn, decorated with tile paintings.

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The ceremonial hall in the imamzadeh of Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn, decorated with wall hangings for the mowludi of Imam Husayn, 2001.

The ceremonial hall in the imamzadeh of Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn, decorated with wall hangings for the mowludi of Imam Husayn, 2001.

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The ceremonial hall in the imamzadeh of Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn, decorated with a wall hanging depicting imaginary portraits of Imam Ali, Imam Husayn and Abu al-Fazl al-Abbas. Muharram 2002.

The ceremonial hall in the imamzadeh of Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn, decorated with a wall hanging depicting imaginary portraits of Imam Ali, Imam Husayn and Abu al-Fazl al-Abbas. Muharram 2002.

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Framed popular colour poster representing Imam Ali holding his sword Zu al-Feqar, depicted together with Qanbar and a lion.

Framed popular colour poster representing Imam Ali holding his sword Zu al-Feqar, depicted together with Qanbar and a lion.

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Popular colour poster representing Imam Husayn on horse, holding his baby son Ali Asghar. The scene refers to the battle at Karbala in 680. Poster printed in Iran.

Popular colour poster representing Imam Husayn on horse, holding his baby son Ali Asghar. The scene refers to the battle at Karbala in 680. Poster printed in Iran.

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Popular colour poster representing Abu al-Fazl al-Abbas at the battle at Karbala in 680. Poster printed in Iran.

Popular colour poster representing Abu al-Fazl al-Abbas at the battle at Karbala in 680. Poster printed in Iran.

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A red flag, alam, from the shrine of al-Abbas in Karbala. On the alam is written ya qamre beni hashem “O, Moon of Hashem’s clan”, a famous al-Abbas epithet. Oslo 2009.

A red flag, alam, from the shrine of al-Abbas in Karbala. On the alam is written ya qamre beni hashem “O, Moon of Hashem’s clan”, a famous al-Abbas epithet. Oslo 2009.

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Shia women of Iraqi origin performing a theatrical representation in which Imam Husayn stand by a prop representing the cradle of his baby son Ali Asghar. Oslo 2009.

Shia women of Iraqi origin performing a theatrical representation in which Imam Husayn stand by a prop representing the cradle of his baby son Ali Asghar. Oslo 2009.

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A shawl purchased in Karbala presented as a gift by an Iranian mullah to Shia women in Oslo of Iranian and Afghanian origin.

A shawl purchased in Karbala presented as a gift by an Iranian mullah to Shia women in Oslo of Iranian and Afghanian origin.

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A ribbon tighten around the wrist to protect and benefit its owner. The ribbon has been cut from a piece of fabric which has been rubbed on the sarcophagus at the shrine of al-Abbas in Karbala.

A ribbon tighten around the wrist to protect and benefit its owner. The ribbon has been cut from a piece of fabric which has been rubbed on the sarcophagus at the shrine of al-Abbas in Karbala.

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A temporary constructed proxy of the shrine of Ruqayyeh in Damascus. Presented in Shiraz in a husayniyyeh in Safar at women-only ceremonies commemorating Ruqayyeh’s death.

A temporary constructed proxy of the shrine of Ruqayyeh in Damascus. Presented in Shiraz in a husayniyyeh in Safar at women-only ceremonies commemorating Ruqayyeh’s death.

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Shoes presented as gifts to Ruqayyeh at women-only ceremonies commemorating Ruqayyeh’s death. Shiraz 2002.

Shoes presented as gifts to Ruqayyeh at women-only ceremonies commemorating Ruqayyeh’s death. Shiraz 2002.

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A woman kissing the votive fabrics on the proxy shrine of Ruqayyeh before the commemoration ceremony begins.

A woman kissing the votive fabrics on the proxy shrine of Ruqayyeh before the commemoration ceremony begins.

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A woman rubbing the votive fabrics on the proxy shrine of Ruqayyeh on her cheek before the commemoration ceremony begins.

A woman rubbing the votive fabrics on the proxy shrine of Ruqayyeh on her cheek before the commemoration ceremony begins.

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A proxy of Imam Zayn al-Abedin’s grave at the al-Baqi’ cemetery in Medina. presented at a ceremony commemorating his death at a women-only ceremony. Shiraz 2002.

A proxy of Imam Zayn al-Abedin’s grave at the al-Baqi’ cemetery in Medina. presented at a ceremony commemorating his death at a women-only ceremony. Shiraz 2002.

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Photograph of the al-Baqi’ cemetery in Medina.

Photograph of the al-Baqi’ cemetery in Medina.

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A framed piece of the kiswah covering the Kaaba, presented in the home of a Shiraz, 2001.

A framed piece of the kiswah covering the Kaaba, presented in the home of a Shiraz, 2001.

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